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In this present era, heart diseases have been one of the major causes of death all over the world. There are congenital and acquired heart diseases. Acquired heart diseases can be induced by the many risk factors that have become a part of our daily routine. There are many risk factors that may precipitate heart diseases like hypertension, heart attack, etc. What are these risk factors? These risk factors include obesity, sedentary life style, dietary habits, smoking, alcohol, etc. All these factors are able to increase the amount of cholesterol in the blood causing progressive occlusion of vessels supplying heart and other organs that eventually fails to function properly.

Obesity – leading risk factor of heart diseases. Obesity is usually caused by large food intakes that include a large fat intake, sedentary life style that is when the food intake is more than the energy consumption. To reduce the obesity it is compulsory to eat fresh vegetables and fruits and avoidance of any kind of fat intake. Regular exercise also improves the body energy consumption. It has been recommended by doctors to do aerobic exercises such as running or jogging, fast walking, bicycling, rowing or kayaking more than 30 minutes four to five days a week. There’s good phrase for supporting therapy for obesity “Do it yourself” doing your daily work by yourself.

Smoking is one of the reversible risk factor of many heart diseases and worsening the treatment for these diseases. Active smoking injurious but passive is more injurious. Smoking is injurious for any organ of the body. The smoke that goes through lungs to blood which cause decreasing oxygen carrying capacity of blood to heart and then to body and to provide enough oxygen supply to whole body heart needs to pump more but there is less oxygen supply to heart that causes narrowing of vessels and eventually heart attack or getting more serious complication of existing heart diseases. Smoking is the major risk for narrowing of heart vessels by increasing accumulation of cholesterol in vessels. By smoking cessation risk of many diseases decreases and it enhances the efficacy for the treatment of underlying diseases.

Alcohol consumption is also a risk factor for heart diseases which directly or indirectly causes increase in cholesterol levels in blood and it is also a factor for precipitating obesity. Alcohol decreases absorption of important food elements which are helpful for the formation of amino acids (fundamental constituents of all kinds of proteins) that decreases formation of hemoglobin the part of blood that carries oxygen to organs. It causes less oxygen supply and provokes the dysfunction of heart and then other organs.

By controlling these risk factors such diseases can be prevented or one can have good effect of treatment and prolonging the usual life.